Editing Combat

'''Combat''' is a general term for hostile encounters of a hero while wandering on [[adventure map]]. Combat takes place typically when a hero attacks [[wandering creature]]s, enemy heroes, enemy towns or certain adventure map locations (e.g. [[creature bank]]s). A hero may also face combat if trying to pick up a guarded artifacts or resources. Occasionally an [[event]] can trigger combat.

The purpose of the combat is to vanquish all enemy creatures, and the combat ends when either one of the armies are entirely destroyed, or when one of the heroes [[retreat]]s or [[surrender]]s. Only heroes may retreat or surrender - wandering creatures, creatures guarding something or creatures in events cannot retreat or surrender. Wandering creatures may try to flee before the battle, but never during combat. Surrendering may occur only in a battle between heroes, but a hero defending a town cannot surrender (or flee). However, [[Stronghold]] has a unique building called [[Escape Tunnel]], which allows defending hero to retreat and surrender. 

Combat takes place on the battlefield, that is 11 rows of 15 hexagonal [[tile|frames (hexes)]]. Because size of most the creatures is one hex, a creature with speed of 13 can traverse across the battlefield to attack another creature stack directly opposite to that creature. Additionally, a creature with a speed of 19 can traverse diagonally from one corner to its opposite corner.

== Order in Combat ==
Combat proceeds in rounds. Each hero can cast one spell each round.  Each round is divided into three phases:
# Initial
# Morale & wait
# Wait

These three phases occur every round in this chronological order. In the initial phase, all creatures move in order determined by their [[speed]]. The creature with the highest speed value moves first. If two or more creatures on different sides of engaging armies have the same speed value, the creature on the army which did not have the latest chance to act will act first. And if it is the beginning of the battle, the attacker will have the initiative.

A creature may wait during the initial phase, in which case the creature moves instead during the wait phase. However, due high [[morale]] a creature may recieve another chance to move right after the initial move. In this case, if the creature waits it will move move again during the morale & wait phase (before the wait phase). In contrast to the initial phase, creatures in the morale & wait and wait phases move in reverse order, slowest speed value first.

If two or more creatures on different sides of engaging armies have the same speed value, the creature on the army which did not have the latest chance to act will act first. This rule will apply in the same way throughout all three phases. However, there are two exceptions to this rule.
# In the first round of combat, the attacker will have the initiative.
# During a siege (town with at least [[Fort]]) the attacker will always moves first at the beginning of the round if the fastest creatures are tied.

Note that this rule in the morale-wait/wait phases leads to a situation, where the player that acted last "wins" the tie in a way, because during the wait phase, one usually wants to move later in the phase, not earlier.

If two or more creatures on the same side have the same speed value, the creature that started in the leftmost slot, will always move first. Or in other words, the unit that started  nearest to the top of the screen (before [[tactics phase]]), will move first.

== Formation ==
Formation is the starting position of your army in a fight/battle. There are sevens slots in which the units can start, which are the hex squares on rows 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11 of the combat grid. They are the same for the attacker and the defender except that one is on the left and the other is on the right.

The units are always spread evenly on the battlefield regardless of how they are arranged in the hero's unit bar. Having units in hero spots 1, 2, 3 is the same as having them in 2, 6, 7. There are only two factors which decide which unit goes to which row:
* How many of the unit slots are filled
* Whether the formation is set to "loose" or "tight"

[[File: homm3_combat_grid_positions.gif|x250px]]

The image shows the locations on the combat grid. The unit positions are marked with their row numbers. The letters stand for the [[war machines]], (A)mmo cart, (B)allista and (F)irst aid tent.

These are the starting positions depending on how many slots are filled (between 1 and 7) for each formation:

# Both - 6
# Loose - 3, 9; Tight - 5, 7
# Loose - 3, 6, 9; Tight - 5, 6, 7
# Loose - 1, 5, 7, 11; Tight - 3, 5, 7, 11
# Loose - 1, 3, 6, 9, 11; Tight - 3, 5, 6, 7, 9
# Both - 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11
# Both - All positions

An easy way to remember is:
* If there is an odd number of stacks, the center spot on row 6 is filled, otherwise it is not.
* If you want to have units in the corner spots you need at least 4 stacks.
* Formation doesn't matter for 1, 6 and 7 stacks.

[[War machines]] always start in the same place and occupy 1 hex. [[Ammo cart]] on row 2, [[Ballista]] on row 4 and [[First aid tent]] on row 10. The Ballista and the First aid tent look like they occupy 2 hexes, but the second one is outside the map.

The "loose" and "tight" options can be toggled on the hero screen. Loose has the advantage of spacing your units apart, making "splash" attacks from those [[dragons]] with [[breath attack]] or [[lich]] and their [[death cloud]] attack, and spells like [[fireball]] less likely to hit multiple units.  Tight has an advantage of grouping units tightly, and can help protect archers and ranged attackers.

When fighting [[Creature Bank]]s, the hero's army will be arranged in a special way, forming a hexagon (or part of one) in the centre of the battlefield, while the defenders of the bank will be arranged around the outside.  Tight/loose and tactics have no impact on the formation of your army when fighting a creature bank.

'''Screenshot from combat on swamp terrain. The hero has cast [[Quicksand]].'''

[[File:HOMM3_Battlefield.jpg]]

== See also ==
* [[Damage]]

[[Category: Combat|*]]
[[Category: Terms]]
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